Surgery Notes

Posts Tagged ‘Plastic Surgery’

Surgical breast augmentation has become a real art form in the plastic surgery industry. There are more than ever, operational techniques and model of the breast implants have been raised over recent increase in the aesthetics and safety criteria for a demanding clientele. No wonder that plastic surgery breast has enjoyed more popularity in recent years than ever before.

surgery, breast augmentation is defined as the use invasive methods to increase the size of the breast and to improve the placement of breast and visual appeal. Increase is also commonly called the extension of breast enhancement or breast. However, the ultimate expression is particularly misleading, since the improvement refers to any procedure that can enhance breasts. This includes innovative techniques such as lifting breasts (mastopexy) and Reduction of breasts, which are far from> Increased …

Surgical breast augmentation is usually with prosthetic implants, which have historically been made ??from a variety of substances, but are now divided into two basic categories. implants silicone breast may consist of one, viscous silicone gel filled or thick may be the new cohesion breast silicone implant styles. The higher gel filled implants have been widely criticized by the rupture and leak silicone filler inthe body cavities of countless helpless victims. The new cohesive gel implants can not escape, because the silicone filler is chemically bonded to a solid gel, not a thick liquid gel-like. These marvels of design are sometimes called gummy bear implants, since they really have the feel and consistency of the popular candy treat. the saline-filled implants consist of a sterile solution of salt water in a silicone shell. Although many women prefer these devices because siliconamigraciones instances associated with past generations of silicone implants, many are unaware that even saline implants have silicone components. Fortunately, the outer shell material in both types of implants is a solid state silicon, which can not leak or migrate through the body tissues.

Surgical breast augmentation is a hot topic in the media, especially when performed on celebrities. The paparazzi spend huge amounts of time and effort speculating on who may or notice “fake breasts”, but very few points of the media take the time to discuss the most pressing issues involving the implants breast, and that is the reason why women get to start …
Implants within are much more than any improvement or correction of fast surface beauty. They are a means of satisfying the inner motivations of behavior problems relate to issues involving self-esteem, self confidence, relates to body image and even psychogenic pain conditions. Women do not tienenla option to undergo elective surgery lightly and try to improve their bodies with breast augmentation to correct long-held and deep conflicts between the physical and emotional mind of their anatomies. After all, the psychological imperatives are the root of everything we do and the interaction of mind and body is the most basic definition of human beings.

To please his emotional self, these women make a huge sacrifice. Surgery to put his closest female delugares, all for the sake of a more satisfying body image. This behavior should be judged not by chance, but must be studied and understood on a case by case basis. Remember, you can only truly understand someone if you take the time to live, not only in their skin, but also in his mind.
As a final note, it is worth to mention the dedication and well-rounded plastic surgeons perform all types of cosmetic improvements. Of course, these good doctors entrenadoslos have reached the top step of the medical profession to be the best of the best. But that’s not why it deserves the praise … Indeed, the fact is that plastic surgeons are among the very few doctors have dismissed purely Cartesian philosophy that separates the mind and body and embraced the interactions powerful and constant between these two facets of humanity.

Plastic surgeons use breast augmentation surgery to improve the mind emocionalmediante performing an operation on the body. Ask any cosmetic surgery patient on how the procedure has changed her life and probably will tell you that she has changed mentally more than physically.

Today more than ever to choose your Plastic Surgeon is a task that must be done carefully because it is a final decision which may depend as much the result you are looking to their personal safety. In recent years it has documented a rise of cosmetic surgeons dedicated to perform plastic surgery, cosmetic, many of whom have no formal surgical training and base their practice on short courses of several weeks or months (including general practitioners can be found Some specialists in various areas such as gynecologists, some dentists and others).

There are several factors to consider in choosing a qualified and competent plastic surgeon. The most important is the certification of graduate degree in General Surgery and Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, as these certifications verify and certify that the physician has been prepared and fully trained in the specialty of General Surgery which is prerequisite in all countries access to subspecialty of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery and has passed rigorous oral and written exams to become a specialist. In Spain, the possession of Bachelor’s Degree in Medicine and Surgery legally empowered to perform any medical or surgical procedure. However, it is clear that various branches of medicine and surgery require a graduate to reach the level of knowledge and experience in each of these disciplines.

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Frequently surgeries, discover which interventions are most common, according to age and different factors, and more about the most frequent surgeries.

WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON COSMETIC SURGERY?

Plastic surgery can offer a variety of cosmetic surgery to increase, decrease, reaffirming a corporal aspect, accommodating almost any query.

The most common procedures are:
Rejuvenation of the face (wrinkles, eyelids, forehead, cheeks, neck
Nose (cosmetic rhinoplasty)
Highlight and skeletal changes of the face (chin, cheeks, jaw, abnormal bite correction, changing the profile and proportions of the face)
Highlight and change the size of the breast (with implants increase, decrease, toning)
body contour changes (abdomen, back, buttocks, hips, thighs)

The most requested aesthetic operations vary widely among age groups. the difference is between:

- THE YOUNGER: demand rhinoplasty, liposuction and improved appearance of the ears, in general become more beautiful.
- MEDIEVAL WOMEN: are more concerned with reshaping your body after a pregnancy loss or regain the sagging figure, age, etc.
- OLDER PEOPLE: logically fight against signs of aging through facelifts and eyelid sagging neck.

The following are the most common cosmetic procedures in general (invasive, minimally invasive according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons). The medical term for the procedure is in parentheses. Read the rest of this entry »

Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty that deals with the correction of any process congenital, acquired, or simply tumor involution, requiring repair or replacement, or affecting the shape and / or body function. Their techniques are based on the transplantation and tissue mobilization using grafts and flaps or implants of inert material. The Reconstructive Plastic Surgery aims to restore or improve function and appearance in injuries and burns caused by accidents, diseases and tumors of the skin and supporting tissues and congenital anomalies, mainly of the face, hands and genitals.

The Plastic Surgery Aesthetics , however, deals with generally healthy patients and is designed to correct abnormalities of the aesthetic norm in order to get a more harmonious facial and body or the consequences caused by aging. This affects the emotional stability by improving the quality of life through professional relationships, emotional, and so on.

Although the motivation to undergo cosmetic surgery is very personal, there are external factors that undoubtedly influence. Such, for example, the current direction of our society towards the youth and in which a young and dynamic appearance is essential to compete on an equal footing professionals. Read the rest of this entry »

The tummy tuck or cosmetic surgery of the abdomen, is a cosmetic surgery operation greater than dry skin and excess fat from the middle and lower abdomen while encircling the abdominal wall muscles.

This plastic surgery can substantially improve the appearance of an outgoing abdomen.

The aesthetic surgery of the abdomen is an important procedure that requires careful preparation by the patient. Once the plastic surgery of the abdomen, recovery takes several weeks to allow the body to heal incisions and recovery of muscle manipulation.

However, cosmetic surgery of the abdomen offers patients many benefits, which include improved appearance and in many cases, a higher level of confidence.

If you are thinking about getting a cosmetic surgery of the abdomen, try to explain who can hacérsela and what results you can expect.

THE BEST CANDIDATES FOR A Tummy Tuck

The best candidates for cosmetic surgery of the abdomen are women and men who remain in good physical condition, have a localized fat deposit or loose skin at the height of the abdomen. This cosmetic surgery is especially beneficial for women after multiple pregnancies have been a stretch of your abdominal muscles which is irreversible to the gym.

Patients who are planning a reduction of weight should postpone cosmetic surgery , as well as women who are thinking about becoming pregnant again. In these vertical muscles in the abdomen can be separated again, losing some of the effect achieved with the intervention.

TYPES OF ANESTHESIA IN A Tummy Tuck

Your surgeon may choose general anesthesia, where you will sleep throughout the operation, or an epidural which leaves no feeling the bottom of the body. In partial cases, the cosmetic surgery can be done under local anesthesia with or without the addition of intravenous sedation.

The tummy tuck can be performed with general or local anesthesia. If you decide to undergo the procedure under local anesthesia, stay awake as long as the plastic surgery of the abdomen.

The aesthetic surgery of the abdomen can last up to five full hours, depending on the extent of the job you want. Stay awake during a surgical procedure performed so long has advantages and disadvantages, but most surgeons will recommend sedation through general anesthesia.

Although being sedated for long periods of time involves some risks, many surgeons agree that a cosmetic surgery of the abdomen with the patient is fully sedated a safer procedure.

This is because when the patient is unconscious, the abdominal muscles are completely relaxed, allowing the surgeon to complete the procedure with greater speed and convenience, but their task is hindered by a sudden movement or body muscle.

Occasionally, the surgeon will use local anesthesia while performing the mini tummy tuck , which usually lasts about an hour and a half.

The front plastic surgery is a simple intervention that can reduce or eliminate wrinkles on the forehead, the eye area (known as “crow’s feet”) and those that arise between the eyebrows. The front plastic surgery is booming for the rejuvenation it brings to the face.

It is also important to note that the front plastic surgery can be performed in conjunction with a face plastic surgery to achieve an overall improvement across the face. It can also be combined with cosmetic eyelid surgery especially superiors, when they have excess skin due to the fall of the eyebrows.

Cosmetic Surgery Front – The First Visit to the Surgeon
Many people come to visit the plastic surgeon to remove excess skin on upper eyelids. When you are told is necessary to a rise of doing a forehead lift eyebrows, usually appears a moment of doubt and mistrust. That’s when the surgeon used to place the patient in front of a mirror and with a slight hand pull up the eyebrow.

At this point it is important to clarify that it is very useful in his first visit to the surgeon that the patient will show some of the eyebrow will be raised – the central, internal, tail or all of it – and that gives you time need to think about it.
Having decided that intervention is a cosmetic surgery front, is also important to advise on the most appropriate type of anesthesia, which will take place after the surgery and how will the post-operative.

It is important that this first visit is to establish a relationship of mutual trust and understanding between patient and surgeon.

Front Cosmetic Surgery – The Incision
In the front plastic surgery incisions can be of two types:
Classical surgery : The incision follows the shape of a crown and runs along the front side to side. It starts at the top of the ears and goes well into the hair or, in the case of patients with broad forehead, the surgery is performed in front of the hairline. (See surgical procedure COSMETIC SURGERY FRONT CLASSIC).

Endoscopic surgery : Incisions are made ??inside the hair. The stitches are made ??with staples, because it does not harm both hair follicles and the points. In cosmetic surgery Endoscopic forehead added metal fasteners (screw type) that can be internal or external. (See surgical procedure COSMETIC SURGERY Endoscopic forehead).

Plastic surgery according to Dr. Angel Juárez “It’s trying to find a balance between mind and body. Create it when there, and restore it when broken. Ensure that every human being is happy with his image, in relation to perception, and that of others. But not regarded as a panacea, but as an aid to solve certain problems and that makes it infinitely better at the right time. ”

The most frequent interventions and clock
* “From 5-6 years: Otoplasty
Some interventions such as otoplasty (ear correction) can be practiced in very young, five or six years even. This prevents its great and sometimes traumatic complex in the contact group (school, friends etc..). The results obtained are very good and final.

* “From the age of 17: Cheek and chin implants
Lately it has become very fashionable face drawn and angular. They are usually very young people who wish to highlight their features. Cheek Implants and / or chin would be indicated in these cases despite the few years.

* “From 18 years: breast augmentation, liposuction, rhinoplasty
In this age when he terminated the growth. At the end of the physical, it is possible to think of interventions such as breast augmentation, liposuction or a nose under …

* “From 20 to 25 years: Correction of palpebral bags
Blepharoplasty, or eyelid correction can be performed in the operating room from 20, when it comes to constitutional palpebral bags …. There are families in which the bags are very common and inherited from generation to generation …

* “From the age of 35: Lifting
Regarding the lifting, there are different types, depending on what you want to fix. Personally, “says Dr. Juarez,” I favor the patches rather than full one. ” The tail of the eyebrow would be indicated from the thirty-five years. The middle third of face from forty-five. The neck is usually associated to the face, fifty or so.

* “From 40: Increase of cheekbones. Blepharoplasty
When completed because of the years produced a reabsorption of the fat and bones, appears with some frequency that is called “witch’s chin.” Surgery can increase the size of the cheeks and chin defatted by a tiny liposuction. Another case is that of the eyelids, which also cause an aged appearance. This is all operating out of the thirty-five to forty years. Both approaches, ie the technique used will be different if the patient has more or less years.

Time results
Generally in the lifting, the results remain about twelve years. And now, thanks to new techniques, it also acts in depth on the muscle and this allows more lasting end results. However, absolutely nothing happens if you want to “stretch” later, but has not been more than five or six years after the last intervention. Thanks to its action away some wrinkles such as the neck and the nasolabial folds … but mostly avoid sagging.

At present it is accepted that the field of action is for plastic surgery:

- Burns and their sequelae

- Surgical treatment of tumors in all those areas where reconstruction is required by plasty or grafting

- Surgical treatment of external congenital malformations of the cranio-cervical-facial and other regions requiring plasty or grafting

- Surgical treatment of those regions which require soft tissue reconstruction

- Hand Surgery

- Cosmetic Surgery

It is a specialty “unique” in that it covers the entire body and has no defined anatomic area. Therefore includes many “subspecialties,” with each service a portfolio of specific services is marked by:

care needs of the population

the existence of other hospital services to treat the disease that overlaps with areas that handle plastic surgeons (ENT, COT, Maxillofacial, etc.).

or treatment of serious burns.
The be a specialty as broad contours involves two essential characteristics:

on one hand the high degree of synergy or areas of increased interaction with other specialties, services or levels of care where a good cooperation scheme leads to a greater benefit for the patient,

On the other hand the development, either internally or in collaboration with other specialties, a range of activities, process lines and units super-clinics (formally recognized or not).

Various global, European and Spanish define the specialty of Plastic Surgery. These include the IPRAS (International Confederation for Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery) as an association of 88 national societies worldwide promotes the advancement and scientific exchange, sponsors meetings and works to improve the standards of the specialty, and FILACP (Federation Ibero-Latin) which includes Spain and Portugal and all Spanish-speaking countries in the Americas Lusa.

In Europe highlights the EURAPS (European Association of Plastic Súrgenos). In addition, Plastic Surgery is one of 24 specialties members of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS).

In Spain, the Spanish Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (SECPRE) is to contribute with all means available to scientific and practical knowledge of Plastic Surgery. This mission is accomplished by holding scientific meetings, publication and periodic publication of the magazine “Ibero-Latin American Plastic Surgery” and untimely publications and organization of courses, conferences, meetings, exhibitions.

Plastic Surgery in the Modern Era

In the second half of the twentieth century grows extremely Plastic Surgery developing new reconstructive procedures as well as aesthetics. Reconstructive Surgery.

In one of the most important advances has been the birth and development of microsurgery. With the creation of micro-instruments, ultra fine suture materials and manufacture of surgical binocular microscope in the 50’s, microsurgery has revolutionized the field of reconstructive surgery.

Microsurgery has dramatically expanded the possibilities of reconstruction with all kinds of flaps, the replantation of amputees or devitalized members revascularization.

In 1965, he made the first experminetacion Krizek with a free transplant the same year, in Japan, Tamai and Susumi described the first successful replantation of a digit amputee. In 1972, Harii and Ohmori Japanese also made the first free flaps in humans.

In 1969 the American Harry Buncke (father of microsurgery) held its first free microvascular omentum transplantation to repair a large scalp defect.

In this period of Cosmetic Surgery experience an explosion even more. Anesthetic and surgical safety, improved living standards and the growing importance of image in our society have contributed to the flowering of this branch. Currently the technique is the most common cosmetic liposuction, described by the Italian dermatologist Arpad early 70’s.

The second intervention is often breast augmentation with an estimated 25,000 procedures per year. From the first silicone gel implants by Cronin (1963) breast prostheses have evolved greatly and now has a wide variety of volumes, sizes and shapes. Also have been describing and harmonization and improved techniques of facial rejuvenation and body.

The Birth of Cosmetic Surgery

The improvement of reconstructive techniques and a drop of surgical risks offered anesthesia and sterile technique developed by Lister, were to be provided and begin to consider applying plastic procedures to enhance the appearance of facial structures, although these have not been injured or maimed.

The American John Roe is regarded as the first surgeon to perform a nasal aesthetic approach. Subsequently, the German Joseph published a comprehensive analysis of the nose, including a classification and repair techniques of the various nasal blemishes. For this important work is considered the father of nasal cosmetic surgery.

From the beginning there were problems and conflicts related to cosmetic surgery still fully in effect, such as body dysmorphic disorder (distorted perception of the image itself), which in the case of the nose is called rhinomanía.

Wars

Despite the enormous development of reconstructive and aesthetic techniques during the nineteenth century, the specialty did not exist as such. Almost no surgeon was devoted exclusively to this field, as it was considered that was not a priority and was not designed to save lives.

World War I is the crucial point where it begins to recognize the importance of what we consider plastic surgery. The huge number of patients injured by bullets forced the organization of specialized centers in Europe and the United States. Of these centers emerge the “fathers” of many of the techniques currently used by us and the instruments required for them. With peace and relative prosperity of the postwar period appeared a new branch of Plastic Surgery: Surgery “Beauty” or “cosmetic.”

U.S. Vilray Papin Blair, a surgeon from San Luis, establishing the first special department of Plastic Surgery at Barnes Hospital of Washington University. Public reference works on mandibular reconstruction with Barret Brown and perfeccionron developed the technique of partial-thickness skin graft.

In France Morestin creates and manages one of the first teams dedicated to Plastic Surgery at the military hospital Val de Grace in Paris where the light gives one of his greatest contributions to the field: the idea of subcutaneous dissection to close defects without tension, serial excision of large lesions, or the refinement of the Z-plasty for correction of linear contractions. Morestin work inspired his disciples who continued the work begun. One was the British Harold Gillies, who later founded the Center for Reconstructive Queen Mary Hospital in Kent. For his impressive work both in developing new techniques such as in education of plastic surgeons around the world, was knighted by the Queen of England.

With World War II and its horrors the field of Plastic Surgery greatly expanded and is no longer confined more or less maxillofacial reconstruction. After the war began the publication of “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” in the U.S. and the British Journal of Plastic Surgery. ” Also created successive Plastic Surgery Societies.

In Spain some general surgeons began, for personal interest or is required to use basic techniques of plastic surgery in the treatment of their patients. In the nineteenth century and Argumosa Hysern stressed that developed original techniques of tissue transplantation. In the early twentieth Cortes Llado Professor, Professor of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Sevilla visited the French school led by Morestin and knowledge embodied in his book entitled “Facial Plastic Surgery.” In the previously noted “good hit of gathering Individualized surgeons who have demonstrated passion and aptitude for this kind of surgery so special that it is based on the ability to mobilize and transplant tissues.” In the same book defines the objective Plastic Surgery as the “preservation of the shape or morphological perfection that most often is coupled with a physiological goal as the preservation or recovery of function.”

It was not until the Civil War of 1936-1939 when the great demand for war amputees promoted the development of plastic surgery in our country. Captain Sanchez Galindo visited prestigious Blair serves as the United States since his return he established the first Department of Plastic Surgery at the Hospital General Mola “in San Sebastian. After the war he moved to the Gomez Ulla Hospital of Madrid. Almost simultaneously the Red Cross began creating services Plastic Surgery in Madrid, Barcelona, Sevilla and Valencia.

Since then the following dates have marked important progress in our specialty:

In 1955, Plastic Surgery is recognized in law under the name Specialty Reconstructive Surgery, which later changed to Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Currently the Ministry of Health is considering a new name change to Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, since the latter is an essential part of the Specialty.

On May 21, 1956 was officially established by the Spanish Society of Plastic Surgery.

In 1960 the National Insurance Institute in Madrid created the National Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Thereafter, coinciding with the socio-economic development of the country, Social Security begins to create a network of Departments and Services Hospital Plastic Surgery.

In 1978 the National Commission of the Specialty of Plastic Surgery, who is an advisor to the Ministries of Education and Science and Health and on issues such as training of specialists, program development, certification, etc.

In 1986 he started the publication of the “Spanish Journal of Plastic Surgery, which later changed its name to the” Ibero-Latin American Plastic Surgery “to be the official organ of the Ibero-Latin American Federation of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Currently the magazine is distributed to 24 countries and has a circulation of 12,800 copies a year.